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Views: 176 Author: heyu Publish Time: 07-22-2020 Origin: fiber laser cutting machine
How is the effect of laser cutting affected by the parameters such as auxiliary pressure, laser power, cutting speed and focus position? The influence of auxiliary pressure is also discussed
In laser cutting, the auxiliary air pressure plays the role of blowing off slag, cooling materials and auxiliary combustion. Auxiliary gases include oxygen, compressed air, nitrogen and inert gas.
Oxygen can participate in metal combustion, which can improve cutting efficiency and is suitable for cutting most metals; inert gas and air are suitable for cutting some metal materials (such as aluminum alloy), which can prevent material burning.
If the auxiliary gas pressure is too high, eddy current will appear on the surface of the material, which will weaken the ability to remove molten materials, resulting in the widening of the cutting seam and the rough cutting surface; if the air pressure is too low, the molten material can not be completely blown away, and the lower surface of the material will adhere to the slag. Therefore, the auxiliary gas pressure should be adjusted to obtain the best cutting quality.
Influence of laser power
Laser power has great influence on cutting speed, slit width, cutting thickness and cutting quality. The power depends on the material characteristics and cutting thickness. For example, materials with high melting point (such as alloy) and high reflectivity of cutting surface (such as copper and aluminum) require higher laser power.
Influence of cutting speed
The ideal cutting speed will make the cutting surface present a relatively smooth line, and the material section is smooth without burr. When the auxiliary gas pressure and laser power are constant, there is a nonlinear inverse relationship between the cutting speed and the slit width. When the cutting speed is relatively slow, the action time of laser energy in the slit is prolonged, which leads to the increase of the slit width, or the width below the slit, and the cutting quality and production efficiency will be greatly reduced.
With the increase of cutting speed, the action time of laser beam energy on the workpiece becomes shorter, which makes the thermal diffusion and heat conduction effect smaller, and the width of the slit correspondingly becomes smaller. But when the speed is too fast, the workpiece material will be cut through due to the lack of cutting heat input.
The influence of focus position
The focus position is the distance from the laser focus to the surface of the workpiece, which directly affects the surface roughness, the slope and width of the slit and the adhesion of the molten residue. If the focus position is too advanced, it will increase the heat absorbed by the lower end of the workpiece to be cut. When the cutting speed and auxiliary air pressure are fixed, the material to be cut and the melted material near the slit will flow on the lower surface of the workpiece as a liquid, and the melted material will adhere to the lower surface of the workpiece as a ball after cooling; If the position lags behind, the heat absorbed by the lower end face of the material to be cut will be reduced, so that the material in the cutting seam can not be completely melted, and some sharp and short residues will be adhered to the lower surface of the plate. In general, the focus position should be on the surface of the workpiece or slightly lower, but the requirements of different materials are different. When cutting carbon steel, the focus is on the surface of the plate, the cutting quality is better; when cutting stainless steel, the focus should be about 1 / 2 of the plate thickness.
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