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Difficulties of fiber laser cutting machine processing superalloy materials

Views: 44     Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 10-31-2021      Origin: Site

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Can the fiber laser cutting machine process high-temperature alloy materials? Since superalloy is a material with high hardness and high temperature resistance, it is difficult to ensure the cutting accuracy when cutting with a fiber laser cutting machine. Compared with ordinary steel, what is the difficulty of processing a high temperature alloy with a fiber laser cutting machine? Leapion laser shares are as follows:

Working principle of fiber laser cutting machine:

The laser light emitted by the laser is focused by the lens to form a very small spot at the focal point. The workpiece at its focal point is irradiated by the high-power density laser spot, which will generate a local high temperature above 10000°C, which will vaporize the workpiece instantly. Cooperate with the auxiliary cutting gas to blow away the vaporized metal, and with the movement of the CNC machine tool, the purpose of cutting is achieved.

The difficulties of fiber laser cutting machine processing superalloy materials are:

1. Large work hardening tendency

For example, the hardness of the unstrengthened substrate of GH4169 is about HRC37, and the surface of the metal laser cutting machine will produce a hardened layer of about 0.03mm. The hardness increases to about HRC47, and the degree of hardening is as high as 27%. The phenomenon of work hardening has a great influence on the life of the oxidized tip tap, and usually produces severe boundary wear.

2. Poor thermal conductivity of the material

The large amount of cutting heat generated when cutting high-temperature alloys is borne by the oxidized tip tap, and the tip of the tool bears a cutting temperature as high as 800~1000℃. Under the action of high temperature and large cutting force, it will cause the cutting edge to produce plastic deformation, adhesion and diffusion wear. 

3. Large cutting force

The strength of superalloys is more than 30% higher than that of commonly used alloy steels for steam turbines. At cutting temperatures above 600°C, the strength of nickel-based superalloys is still higher than that of ordinary alloy steels. The unit cutting force of unstrengthened high-temperature alloy is above 4000N/mm2, while that of ordinary alloy steel is only 2500N/mm2.

4. The main components of nickel-based alloys are nickel and chromium, and a small amount of other elements are added: molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, tungsten, etc. It is worth noting that tantalum, niobium, tungsten, etc. are also used to make cemented carbide (or high-speed Steel) is the main component of oxidized tip taps. The processing of high-temperature alloys with these oxidized tip taps will cause diffusion wear and abrasive wear.

In the process of cutting high-temperature alloys, if the fiber laser cutting machine can break through the above-mentioned difficulties, then cutting high-temperature alloys will be the same as cutting ordinary steel. It will have a good cutting effect and ensure the stable working efficiency of the equipment. Processing factories bring considerable benefits.

If you still want to know other information and professional questions about laser marking machine, welcome to consult Leapion laser, Leapion laser 7×24 hours online service.


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