What are the effects of the nozzle of the laser cutting machine on the cutting effect?

With the widespread application of laser cutting technology in the field of industrial manufacturing, the quality of laser cutting has a profound impact on the productivity and benefits of our customers. A good laser cutting machine is not only good for lasers and galvanometers, but many other small accessories are also related to the quality of the processed products. The nozzle in the laser cutting machine looks like a small thing, but it has a huge impact on the quality of the cutting. Today, Leapion Laser will share with you, what are the effects of the nozzle on the cutting effect?

Nozzles are very common consumables on laser cutting machines, and they are also very important parts during laser cutting. It is located at the bottom of the laser head, very close to the workpiece. The focused laser and high-pressure air flow are emitted through the nozzle, so it plays a very important role in the cutting process.

First of all, let's look at the main function of the nozzle?

1. The nozzle of the cutting head is installed at the front end of the processing head, which helps to control the auxiliary gas and protect the focusing lens at the same time;

2. Keep a stable distance between the processed workpiece and the nozzle during the cutting process to prevent splashes from rebounding during cutting;

3. At the same time, the nozzle can control the gas diffusion area and size, which will affect the cutting quality of the laser cutting machine.

So, how does the nozzle affect the effect of laser cutting?

The coaxiality between the center of the nozzle exit hole and the laser beam is one of the important factors affecting the cutting quality. The thicker the workpiece, the greater the impact.

1. When the center of the nozzle and the center of the laser are on different axes, the impact on the cutting quality is as follows:

1), the impact on the cutting surface

When the center of the nozzle and the laser are not on the same axis, when the auxiliary gas for cutting is ejected, the gas volume will be uneven, which will cause melting stains on one side of the cutting surface and no phenomenon on the other side. This situation has little effect on the plate below 3MM, and the other side of the cut will not have much impact, but the plate above 3MM has a great impact, which will cause the plate to fail to cut through.

2), the impact on sharp corners

When cutting workpieces with sharp corners or small angles, if the nozzle and the laser center are not on the same axis, local overmelting will occur, and thick plates may not be able to be cut.

3), the impact on perforation

Also, if the center of the nozzle and the laser are not on the axis, the stability during perforation will be poor, and the fluctuation range during use will be large. If the plate is thick enough, the material will overmelt, and the thin plate is relatively good.

2. The nozzle diameter has different effects on different thicknesses of plates

The diameter of the nozzle determines the shape of the gas flow entering the incision, the gas diffusion area, and the gas flow rate, which affects the removal of melt and the stability of cutting. The air flow entering the incision is large, the speed is fast, and the position of the workpiece in the air flow is appropriate, the stronger the ability of spraying to remove the molten material.

When choosing a laser nozzle, the aperture must be selected correctly, otherwise the cut products will vary greatly, and the desired effect will not be achieved. At present, laser cutting nozzles with two apertures of φ1.5mm and φ2mm are commonly used in the market.

1).Use a φ1.5mm nozzle for cutting the plate below 3mm, so that the cut product will be thinner. If a φ2.0mm cutting nozzle is used, the cutting surface will be rougher, and there will be stains at the corners.

2).Generally, φ2.0mm nozzles are used to cut the plates of more than 3mm, so that the gas diffusion area is large and the airflow speed will slow down, so the stability during cutting will be higher. If a φ1.5mm nozzle is used, the gas diffusion area is small and the cutting is not stable, but it can also be used.

3).As for the nozzles of φ2.5mm and φ3.0mm, they are generally used only when cutting plates of more than 10mm.

3. The distance between the nozzle and the workpiece will directly affect the coupling of the nozzle airflow and the workpiece slit

1). The nozzle opening is too close to the surface of the workpiece, which will produce a strong return pressure on the lens, which will adversely affect the cutting quality;

2). For example, if the nozzle is too far away from the workpiece, it will cause unnecessary loss of kinetic energy, which is also detrimental to effective cutting. Generally speaking, it is advisable to control the distance between the nozzle and the workpiece at 1 to 2 mm.

4. Attention

1).When the nozzle is deformed or has melting stains, it will directly affect the coaxiality. Therefore, the nozzle should be stored carefully to avoid bumps to avoid deformation. The shape and size of the nozzle are manufactured with high precision, and the correct method should be paid attention to when installing.

2). If the cutting conditions are changed due to poor nozzle quality during the cutting process, the nozzle should be replaced in time.

It can be seen that the nozzle has a greater impact on the cutting quality of the laser cutting machine. Although in the laser cutting process, there are many factors that affect the cutting quality and performance, such as laser power, cutting speed, workpiece thickness, material type, etc.; but the nozzle is a consumable, we should pay attention to the above matters during use. Only in this way can a better cutting effect be achieved and the service life of the nozzle can be prolonged.

So, today Leapion Laser will share here first, if you have other questions about laser cutting machine, please consult Leapion Laser, Leapion Laser 7×24 hours online service!