Views: 54 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 09-28-2021 Origin: Site
The laser cutting machine is mainly composed of laser, light guide system, numerical control motion system, automatic height adjustment of the cutting head, working platform and blowing high-pressure gas systems. Many parameters affect the laser cutting process, some of which depend on the technical performance of the laser and machine tool, while other parameters are variable. Next, Leapion Laser shares how to determine the main parameters of laser cutting.
Fundamental mode, also known as Gaussian mode, is the most ideal mode for cutting, mainly in low-power lasers with power less than 1kW.
Multi-mode is a mixture of higher-order modes. Under the same power, multi-mode has poor focus and low cutting ability. The cutting ability and cutting quality of single-mode laser is better than that of multi-mode.
The laser power required for laser cutting mainly depends on the type of cut and the nature of the stolen material. The laser power required for gasification cutting is the largest, followed by melting cutting, and oxygen cutting the smallest. The laser power has a great influence on the cutting thickness, cutting speed, incision width, etc. Generally, the thickness of the material that can be cut by increasing the laser power also increases, the cutting speed is accelerated, and the width of the cut is also increased.
The focal position, that is, the amount of defocus, has a greater influence on the width of the incision. Generally, the focus is located at about 1/3 of the thickness of the material below the surface of the material, the cutting depth is the largest, and the mouth width is the smallest.
When cutting thick steel plates, a beam with a larger focal depth should be used to obtain a cutting surface with good verticality. The focal depth is large, the diameter of the spot is also increased, and the power density decreases accordingly, which is the reduction of the cutting speed. To maintain a certain cutting speed, it is necessary to increase the laser power. It is advisable to use a smaller focal depth for cutting thin plates, so that the spot diameter is small, the power density is large, and the cutting speed is fast.
The cutting of low-carbon steel mostly uses oxygen assist gas to use the iron-oxygen combustion reaction heat to promote the cutting process, and the cutting speed is fast, the cut quality is good, and a slag-free cut can be obtained. The pressure increases, the kinetic energy increases, and the slag discharge capacity increases; but the cutting surface will be rough if the pressure is too high. In addition, the purity of oxygen has a certain effect on the cutting speed. For example, if the oxygen purity is reduced by 2%, the cutting speed will be reduced by 50%.
The structure and shape of the nozzle also affect the quality and efficiency of laser cutting. Different cutting machines use nozzles of different shapes. Commonly used nozzle shapes are: cylindrical, conical, square and other shapes.
Laser cutting generally uses coaxial (air flow and optical axis concentric) nozzles, if the air flow and the optical axis are not coaxial, then a lot of splashes are likely to be generated during cutting. In order to ensure the stability of the cutting process, it is usually necessary to reduce the distance between the nozzle end surface and the surface of the workpiece, generally 0.5 to 2.0 mm, so that the cutting can proceed smoothly.
For more information and professional questions about laser cutting machines, please contact Leapion Laser.
